本文实例为大家分享了C#串口通信工具类的封装代码，供大家参考，具体内容如下
1、SerialPortHelper串口工具类封装
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO.Ports;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Timers;
namespace public.Util
{
/// <summary>
/// 串口操作助手类
/// </summary>
class SerialPortHelper
{
/// <summary>
/// 串口是否已打开
/// </summary>
public bool IsOpen { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 初始化 串行端口资源
/// </summary>
private SerialPort mySerialPort = new SerialPort();
/// <summary>
/// 串口接收数据 位置
/// </summary>
private static int pSerialPortRecv = 0;
/// <summary>
/// 缓存区大小的长度
/// 缓冲区可调大
/// （接收数据处理定时器 内接收数据量 小于下面设置的值即可）
/// </summary>
private static int byteLength = 40960;
/// <summary>
/// 串口接收字节 缓存区大小
/// </summary>
private byte[] byteSerialPortRecv = new byte[byteLength];
/// <summary>
/// 串口 接收数据处理定时器
/// </summary>
private Timer SerialPortRecvTimer;
/// <summary>
/// 广播 收到的数据 事件
/// </summary>
public event EventHandler<SerialPortRecvEventArgs> ReceivedDataEvent;
/// <summary>
/// 广播 收到的数据
/// </summary>
public class SerialPortRecvEventArgs : EventArgs
{
/// <summary>
/// 广播 收到的串口数据
/// </summary>
public readonly byte[] RecvData = new byte[byteLength];
/// <summary>
/// 收到数据 的 长度
/// </summary>
public readonly int RecvDataLength;
/// <summary>
/// 将 收到的数据 转化成 待广播的数据
/// </summary>
public SerialPortRecvEventArgs(byte[] recvData, int recvDataLength)
{
recvData.CopyTo(RecvData, 0);
RecvDataLength = recvDataLength;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 初始化
/// </summary>
public SerialPortHelper()
{
IsOpen = false;
}
/// <summary>
/// 设置 串口配置
/// </summary>
/// <param name="portName">串口号</param>
/// <param name="baudRate">波特率</param>
/// <param name="parity">校验位</param>
/// <param name="dataBits">数据位</param>
/// <param name="stopBits">停止位</param>
private void SetSerialPortConfig(string portName, int baudRate, int parity, int dataBits, int stopBits)
{
// 串口 参数设置
mySerialPort.PortName = portName;
mySerialPort.BaudRate = baudRate;
switch (parity)
{
case 0:
default:
mySerialPort.Parity = Parity.None;
break;
case 1:
mySerialPort.Parity = Parity.Odd;
break;
case 2:
mySerialPort.Parity = Parity.Even;
break;
case 3:
mySerialPort.Parity = Parity.Mark;
break;
case 4:
mySerialPort.Parity = Parity.Space;
break;
}
mySerialPort.DataBits = ((4 < dataBits) && (dataBits < 9)) ? dataBits : 8;
switch (stopBits)
{
case 0:
mySerialPort.StopBits = StopBits.None;
break;
case 1:
default:
mySerialPort.StopBits = StopBits.One;
break;
case 2:
mySerialPort.StopBits = StopBits.OnePointFive;
break;
case 3:
mySerialPort.StopBits = StopBits.Two;
break;
}
mySerialPort.ReadTimeout = -1;
mySerialPort.RtsEnable = true;
mySerialPort.DataReceived += new SerialDataReceivedEventHandler(DataReceived);
// 串口 接收数据处理定时器 参数设置
SerialPortRecvTimer = new System.Timers.Timer();
SerialPortRecvTimer.Interval = 100;
SerialPortRecvTimer.AutoReset = false;
SerialPortRecvTimer.Elapsed += new ElapsedEventHandler(SPRecvTimer_Tick);
}
/// <summary>
/// 打开串口
/// </summary>
/// <param name="portName">串口号</param>
/// <param name="baudRate">波特率</param>
/// <param name="parity">校验位</param>
/// <param name="dataBits">数据位</param>
/// <param name="stopBits">停止位</param>
public void OpenSerialPort(string portName, int baudRate, int parity, int dataBits, int stopBits)
{
try
{
SetSerialPortConfig(portName, baudRate, parity, dataBits, stopBits);
mySerialPort.Open();
IsOpen = true;
}
catch (System.Exception)
{
IsOpen = false;
throw;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 关闭串口
/// </summary>
public void CloseSerialPort()
{
try
{
mySerialPort.Close();
IsOpen = false;
}
catch (System.Exception)
{
IsOpen = false;
throw;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 串口数据发送
/// </summary>
/// <param name="content">byte类型数据</param>
public void SendData(byte[] content)
{
try
{
mySerialPort.Write(content, 0, content.Length);
}
catch (System.Exception)
{
throw;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 串口数据发送
/// </summary>
/// <param name="strContent">字符串数据</param>
/// <param name="encoding">编码规则</param>
public void SendData(string strContent, Encoding encoding)
{
try
{
byte[] content = encoding.GetBytes(strContent);
mySerialPort.Write(content, 0, content.Length);
}
catch (System.Exception)
{
throw;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 数据处理定时器
/// 定时检查缓冲区是否有数据，如果有数据则将数据处理并广播。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void SPRecvTimer_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
byte[] TemporaryData = new byte[byteLength];
int TemporaryDataLength = 0;
if (ReceivedDataEvent != null)
{
byteSerialPortRecv.CopyTo(TemporaryData, 0);
TemporaryDataLength = pSerialPortRecv;
ReceivedDataEvent.Invoke(this, new SerialPortRecvEventArgs(TemporaryData, TemporaryDataLength));
// 数据处理完后，将指针指向数据头，等待接收新的数据
pSerialPortRecv = 0;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 数据接收事件
/// 串口收到数据后，关闭定时器，将收到的数据填入缓冲区，数据填入完毕后，开启定时器，等待下一次数据接收
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void DataReceived(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)
{
try
{
SerialPortRecvTimer.Stop();
byte[] ReadBuf = new byte[mySerialPort.BytesToRead];
mySerialPort.Read(ReadBuf, 0, ReadBuf.Length);
ReadBuf.CopyTo(byteSerialPortRecv, pSerialPortRecv);
pSerialPortRecv += ReadBuf.Length;
SerialPortRecvTimer.Start();
}
catch (System.Exception)
{
throw;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取当前可用PortName
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public static List<SerialPortParam<string>> GetPortList()
{
try
{
List<SerialPortParam<string>> lst_sParameterClass = new List<SerialPortParam<string>>();
foreach (string data in SerialPort.GetPortNames())
{
SerialPortParam<string> i_sParameterClass = new SerialPortParam<string>();
i_sParameterClass.Name = data;
i_sParameterClass.Value = data;
lst_sParameterClass.Add(i_sParameterClass);
}
return lst_sParameterClass;
}
catch (Exception)
{
throw;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 设置波特率
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public static List<SerialPortParam<int>> SetBaudRateValues()
{
try
{
List<SerialPortParam<int>> lst_sParameterClass = new List<SerialPortParam<int>>();
foreach (SerialPortBaudRates rate in Enum.GetValues(typeof(SerialPortBaudRates)))
{
SerialPortParam<int> i_sParameterClass = new SerialPortParam<int>();
i_sParameterClass.Name = ((int)rate).ToString();
i_sParameterClass.Value = (int)rate;
lst_sParameterClass.Add(i_sParameterClass);
}
return lst_sParameterClass;
}
catch (Exception)
{
throw;
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 设置串口助手参数类，如：波特率
/// </summary>
public class SerialPortParam<T> {
/// <summary>
/// 显示值
/// </summary>
string name;
/// <summary>
/// 显示值
/// </summary>
public string Name
{
get { return name; }
set { name = value; }
}
/// <summary>
/// 值
/// </summary>
T value;
/// <summary>
/// 值
/// </summary>
public T Value
{
get { return this.value; }
set { this.value = value; }
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 串口波特率列表。
/// 75,110,150,300,600,1200,2400,4800,9600,14400,19200,28800,38400,56000,57600,
/// 115200,128000,230400,256000
/// </summary>
public enum SerialPortBaudRates
{
BaudRate_75 = 75,
BaudRate_110 = 110,
BaudRate_150 = 150,
BaudRate_300 = 300,
BaudRate_600 = 600,
BaudRate_1200 = 1200,
BaudRate_2400 = 2400,
BaudRate_4800 = 4800,
BaudRate_9600 = 9600,
BaudRate_14400 = 14400,
BaudRate_19200 = 19200,
BaudRate_28800 = 28800,
BaudRate_38400 = 38400,
BaudRate_56000 = 56000,
BaudRate_57600 = 57600,
BaudRate_115200 = 115200,
BaudRate_128000 = 128000,
BaudRate_230400 = 230400,
BaudRate_256000 = 256000
}
}
2、串工工具类的使用方法：
//模拟一个点击事件
SerialPortHelper serialPortHelper = new SerialPortHelper();
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
serialPortHelper.OpenSerialPort("COM2"/*串口号*/, 115200/*波特率*/, 0/*校验位*/, 8/*数据位*/, 1/*停止位*/);
// 订阅事件 可以放在 Form_Load 中 或者其他函数中，但必须执行
serialPortHelper.ReceivedDataEvent += new EventHandler<SerialPortHelper.SerialPortRecvEventArgs>(serialPortHelper_ReceivedDataEvent);
serialPortHelper.SendData(new byte[] { 0x0D });//send
serialPortHelper.CloseSerialPort();//close
}
/// <summary>
/// 接收串口数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="args"></param>
private void serialPortHelper_ReceivedDataEvent(object sender, SerialPortHelper.SerialPortRecvEventArgs args)
{
// 数据内容
Console.Write(args.RecvData);
// 数据长度
Console.Write(args.RecvDataLength);
}
