一、使用 System.Xml.Serialization类
1、定义元数据
2、简单序列化与反序列化
3、集合的序列化与反序列化
4、在不能更改数据的情况下，可以用代码重载 XmlAttributeOverrides
5、通用类
二、用DataContractSerialize类序列化XML
1、层次结构
2、实体类
3、序列化与反序列化
一、使用 System.Xml.Serialization类 1、定义元数据引入System.Xml.Serialization命名空间。
XML序列化常用属性：
XmlRoot
XmlType
XmlText
XmlEnum
[Serializable]
[XmlRoot]
public class Product
{
public int ProductID { set; get; }//默认为[XmlElement("ProductID")]
[XmlAttribute("Discount")]
public int DisCount { set; get; }
}
public class BookProduct : Product
{
public BookProduct() { }
public string ISBN { get; set; }
}
[XmlRoot("inv")]
public class Inventory
{
public Inventory() { }
[XmlArray("allpro")]
[XmlArrayItem("prod", typeof(Product)),
XmlArrayItem("book", typeof(BookProduct))]
public Product[] InventroyItems { set; get; }
}
2、简单序列化与反序列化
//序列化
Product product = new Product() { ProductID = 1, DisCount = 5 };
string s = "";
using (StringWriter sw = new StringWriter())
{
XmlSerializer xz = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Product));
xz.Serialize(sw, product);
s = sw.ToString();
}
Console.WriteLine(s);
//
// Discount="5">
// 1
//
//反序列化
using (StringReader sr = new StringReader(s))
{
XmlSerializer xz = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Product));
product = xz.Deserialize(sr) as Product;
}
Console.WriteLine(product .ProductID.ToString() + ", " + product.DisCount); //1, 5
3、集合的序列化与反序列化
//序列化
List list = new List(){
new Product() { ProductID = 1, DisCount =5 },
new BookProduct() { ProductID = 1, DisCount =3, ISBN="aaaa"}
};
Inventory invertoy = new Inventory { InventroyItems = list.ToArray() };
string s = "";
using (StringWriter sw = new StringWriter())
{
XmlSerializer xz = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Inventory));
xz.Serialize(sw, invertoy);
s = sw.ToString();
}
Console.WriteLine(s);
//
//
// <allpro>
// <prod Discount="5">
// 1
//
// <book Discount="3">
// 1
// aaaa
//
// allpro>
//
//反序列化
using (StringReader sr = new StringReader(s))
{
XmlSerializer xz = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Inventory));
invertoy = xz.Deserialize(sr) as Inventory;
}
Console.WriteLine(invertoy.InventroyItems[0].ProductID.ToString() + ", " + invertoy.InventroyItems[0].DisCount); //1, 5
4、在不能更改数据的情况下，可以用代码重载 XmlAttributeOverrides
List list = new List(){
new Product() { ProductID = 1, DisCount =5 },
new BookProduct() { ProductID = 1, DisCount =3, ISBN="aaaa"}
};
Inventory invertoy = new Inventory { InventroyItems = list.ToArray() };
string s = "";
//序列化
using (StringWriter sw = new StringWriter())
{
XmlAttributes attrs = new XmlAttributes();
attrs.XmlElements.Add(new XmlElementAttribute("product1", typeof(Product)));
attrs.XmlElements.Add(new XmlElementAttribute("book1", typeof(BookProduct)));
XmlAttributeOverrides attrOverrides = new XmlAttributeOverrides();
attrOverrides.Add(typeof(Inventory), "InventroyItems", attrs);
XmlSerializer xz = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Inventory), attrOverrides);
xz.Serialize(sw, invertoy);
s = sw.ToString();
}
Console.WriteLine(s);
//
//http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
// <product1 Discount="5">
// 1
//
// <book1 Discount="3">
// 1
// aaaa
//
//
//反序列化
using (StringReader sr = new StringReader(s))
{
XmlAttributes attrs = new XmlAttributes();
attrs.XmlElements.Add(new XmlElementAttribute("product1", typeof(Product)));
attrs.XmlElements.Add(new XmlElementAttribute("book1", typeof(BookProduct)));
XmlAttributeOverrides attrOverrides = new XmlAttributeOverrides();
attrOverrides.Add(typeof(Inventory), "InventroyItems", attrs);
XmlSerializer xz = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Inventory), attrOverrides);
invertoy = xz.Deserialize(sr) as Inventory;
}
Console.WriteLine(invertoy.InventroyItems[0].ProductID.ToString() + ", " + invertoy.InventroyItems[0].DisCount); //1, 5
5、通用类
void Main()
{
//序列化
Product product = new Product() { ProductID = 1, DisCount = 5 };
string s = UserQuery.SimpleSerializer.Serialize(product);
Console.WriteLine(s);
//反序列化
product = UserQuery.SimpleSerializer.Deserialize(typeof(UserQuery.Product), s);
Console.WriteLine(product.ProductID.ToString() + ", " + product.DisCount); //1, 5
}
public class SimpleSerializer
{
///
/// 序列化对象
///
/// 对象类型
/// 对象
///
public static string Serialize(T t)
{
using (StringWriter sw = new StringWriter())
{
XmlSerializer xz = new XmlSerializer(t.GetType());
xz.Serialize(sw, t);
return sw.ToString();
}
}
///
/// 反序列化为对象
///
/// 对象类型
/// 对象序列化后的Xml字符串
///
public static T Deserialize(Type type, string s) where T : class
{
using (StringReader sr = new StringReader(s))
{
XmlSerializer xz = new XmlSerializer(type);
return xz.Deserialize(sr) as T;
}
}
}
二、用DataContractSerialize类序列化XML
1、层次结构
基类：XmlObjectSerializer
派生类：
DataContractSerializer
NetDataContractSerializer
DataContractJsonSerializer
需要引入的程序集：
System.Runtime.Serialization.dll
System.Runtime.Serialization.Primitives.dll
2、实体类//订单类
[DataContract(Name = "order", Namespace = "http://a/order")]
//[KnownType(typeof(order))]
public class Order
{
public Order(Guid id, Product product)
{
this.OrderID = id;
this.Product = product;
}
[DataMember(Name = "id", Order = 2)]
public Guid OrderID { set; get; }
[DataMember]
public Product Product { set; get; }
}
//产品类
[DataContract(Name = "product", Namespace = "http://a/product")] //IsRequired=false,EmitDefaultValue=false
public class Product
{
public Product(Guid id, string productArea)
{
this.ProductID = id;
this.productArea = productArea;
}
[DataMember(Name = "id", Order = 1)]
public Guid ProductID { set; get; }
[DataMember]
private string productArea { set; get; } //私有属性也可以序列化。
}
3、序列化与反序列化
Product product = new Product(Guid.NewGuid(), "XiaMen");
Order order = new Order(Guid.NewGuid(), product);
string filename = @"C:\s.xml";
using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(filename, FileMode.Create))
{
DataContractSerializer serializer = new DataContractSerializer(typeof(Order));
using (XmlDictionaryWriter writer = XmlDictionaryWriter.CreateTextWriter(fs))
{
serializer.WriteObject(writer, order);
}
}
Process.Start(filename);
using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(filename, FileMode.Open))
{
DataContractSerializer serializer = new DataContractSerializer(typeof(Order));
using (XmlDictionaryReader reader = XmlDictionaryReader.CreateTextReader(fs, new XmlDictionaryReaderQuotas()))
{
order = serializer.ReadObject(reader) as Order;
}
}
得到的XML内容
<xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<order xmlns="http://a/order" xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<Product xmlns:a="http://a/product">
<a:productArea>XiaMen</a:productArea>
<a:id>d3b4c977-d052-4fd4-8f59-272e56d875a8</a:id>
</Product>
<id>96d0bb44-cee4-41b6-ae20-5d801c1b3dc9</id>
</order>
到此这篇关于C#实现XML序列化与反序列化的文章就介绍到这了。希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持易知道(ezd.cc)。
