Vue图片裁剪功能实现代码

一、效果展示：

1、表单的图片上传项：

2、裁剪框页面

二、代码部分

1、首先安装Vue-Cropper，基于此组件的基础上开发的裁剪页面

2、裁剪弹窗的组件编写：

3、【图片上传表单项】组件编写

一、效果展示： 1、表单的图片上传项：

- 新增时默认一个空白Input框

- 更新时展示以往上传存放的图片，

　　- 点击【查看】浏览完整大小

　　- 点击【删除】清空src地址，重新上传新照片

2、裁剪框页面

- 先选择裁剪的图片

- 右侧展示裁剪区域

- 支持放大缩小，图片旋转

- 点击【上传图片】调用后台上传接口进行上传

二、代码部分 1、首先安装Vue-Cropper，基于此组件的基础上开发的裁剪页面

npm install vue-cropper
"vue-cropper": "^0.5.8"

2、裁剪弹窗的组件编写：

<template>
  <div
    v-loading="loading"
    class="cropper-content"
  >
    <div class="cropper-box">
      <div class="cropper">
        <vue-cropper
          ref="cropper"
          :img="option.img"
          :output-size="option.outputSize"
          :output-type="option.outputType"
          :info="option.info"
          :can-scale="option.canScale"
          :auto-crop="option.autoCrop"
          :auto-crop-width="autoCropWidth"
          :auto-crop-height="autoCropHeight"
          :fixed="option.fixed"
          :fixed-number="option.fixedNumber"
          :full="option.full"
          :fixed-box="option.fixedBox"
          :can-move="option.canMove"
          :can-move-box="option.canMoveBox"
          :original="option.original"
          :center-box="option.centerBox"
          :height="option.height"
          :info-true="option.infoTrue"
          :max-img-size="option.maxImgSize"
          :enlarge="option.enlarge"
          :mode="option.mode"
          @realTime="realTime"
          @imgLoad="imgLoad"
        />
      </div>
      <!--底部操作工具按钮-->
      <div class="footer-btn">
        <div class="scope-btn">
          <label
            class="btn"
            for="uploads"
          >选择图片</label>
          <input
            id="uploads"
            type="file"
            style="position:absolute; clip:rect(0 0 0 0);"
            accept="image/png, image/jpeg, image/gif, image/jpg"
            @change="selectImg($event)"
          >
          <el-button
            size="mini"
            type="danger"
            plain
            icon="el-icon-zoom-in"
            @click="changeScale(1)"
          >放大</el-button>
          <el-button
            size="mini"
            type="danger"
            plain
            icon="el-icon-zoom-out"
            @click="changeScale(-1)"
          >缩小</el-button>
          <el-button
            size="mini"
            type="danger"
            plain
            @click="rotateLeft"
          >↺ 左旋转</el-button>
          <el-button
            size="mini"
            type="danger"
            plain
            @click="rotateRight"
          >↻ 右旋转</el-button>
        </div>
        <div class="upload-btn">
          <el-button
            size="mini"
            type="success"
            @click="uploadImg('blob')"
          >上传图片<i class="el-icon-upload" /></el-button>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <!--预览效果图-->
    <div class="show-preview">
      <div
        :style="previews.div"
        class="preview"
      >
        <img
          :src="previews.url"
          :style="previews.img"
        >
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</template>
<script>
import { VueCropper } from 'vue-cropper'
import { uploadFile } from '@/api/smrz/setting'
import { regularFileName } from '@/utils'
export default {
  name: 'CropperImage',
  components: {
    VueCropper
  },
  /*  props: ['name2'],*/
  props: {
    autoCropWidth: { // 默认生成截图框宽度
      type: Number,
      default: 410
    },
    autoCropHeight: { // 默认生成截图框高度
      type: Number,
      default: 150
    },
    busType: {
      type: String,
      default: 'advertPic'
    }
  },
  data() {
    return {
      loading: false,
      name: this.Name,
      previews: {},
      option: {
        img: '', // 裁剪图片的地址
        outputSize: 1, // 裁剪生成图片的质量(可选0.1 - 1)
        outputType: 'jpeg', // 裁剪生成图片的格式（jpeg || png || webp）
        info: true, // 图片大小信息
        canScale: true, // 图片是否允许滚轮缩放
        autoCrop: true, // 是否默认生成截图框
        // autoCropWidth: 410, 默认生成截图框宽度
        // autoCropHeight: 150,  默认生成截图框高度
        fixed: false, // 是否开启截图框宽高固定比例
        fixedNumber: [1.53, 1], // 截图框的宽高比例
        full: true, // false按原比例裁切图片，不失真
        fixedBox: true, // 固定截图框大小，不允许改变
        canMove: true, // 上传图片是否可以移动
        canMoveBox: true, // 截图框能否拖动
        original: true, // 上传图片按照原始比例渲染
        centerBox: false, // 截图框是否被限制在图片里面
        height: true, // 是否按照设备的dpr 输出等比例图片
        infoTrue: false, // true为展示真实输出图片宽高，false展示看到的截图框宽高
        maxImgSize: 3000, // 限制图片最大宽度和高度
        enlarge: 1, // 图片根据截图框输出比例倍数
        mode: '230px 150px' // 图片默认渲染方式
      },
      randomFileName: ''
    }
  },
  methods: {
    // 初始化函数
    imgLoad(msg) {
      console.log('工具初始化函数=====' + msg)
    },
    // 图片缩放
    changeScale(num) {
      num = num || 1
      this.$refs.cropper.changeScale(num)
    },
    // 向左旋转
    rotateLeft() {
      this.$refs.cropper.rotateLeft()
    },
    // 向右旋转
    rotateRight() {
      this.$refs.cropper.rotateRight()
    },
    // 实时预览函数
    realTime(data) {
      this.previews = data
    },
    // 选择图片
    selectImg(e) {
      const file = e.target.files[0]
      if (!/\.(jpg|jpeg|png|JPG|PNG)$/.test(e.target.value)) {
        this.$message({
          message: '图片类型要求：jpeg、jpg、png',
          type: 'error'
        })
        return false
      }
      // 转化为blob
      const reader = new FileReader()
      reader.onload = (e) => {
        let data
        if (typeof e.target.result === 'object') {
          data = window.URL.createObjectURL(new Blob([e.target.result]))
        } else {
          data = e.target.result
        }
        this.option.img = data
      }
      console.log(`file.name => ${file.name}`)
      // 转化为base64
      reader.readAsDataURL(file)
    },
    // 上传图片
    uploadImg(type) {
      const _this = this
      if (type === 'blob') {
        // 获取截图的blob数据
        this.$refs.cropper.getCropBlob(async(data) => {
          _this.loading = true
          const formData = new FormData()
          // formData.append('file', data, this.createNewFileName())
          // if (this.autoCropWidth === 100) {
          //   formData.append('subDir', 'exchange')
          // } else if (this.autoCropHeight === 80) {
          //   formData.append('subDir', 'task')
          // } else {
          //   formData.append('subDir', 'rotate')
          // }
          _this.randomFileName = this.createNewFileName()
          // 给blob对象的filename属性赋值文件名
          formData.append('rpc', data, _this.randomFileName)
          // 给参数赋值文件名
          formData.append('fileName', _this.randomFileName)
          formData.append('busType', _this.busType)
          /* this.fileName = data.file.name
          formData.append('fileName', this.fileName)*/
          // 调用axios上传
          /* const { data: res } = await _this.$http.post('/api/file/imgUpload', formData)*/
          uploadFile(formData).then(res => {
            /* this.handleSuccess(res)*/
            if (res.code === 200) {
              _this.$message({
                message: '图片上传成功',
                type: 'success'
              })
              // const data = res.data.replace('[', '').replace(']', '').split(',')
              // const imgInfo = {
              //   name: 'DX.webp',
              //   url: res.data.agentUrl,
              //   storeUrl: res.data.storeUrl,
              //   uploadResult: res.data.uploadResult
              // }
              // _this.$emit('uploadImgSuccess', imgInfo)
              // 添加随机生成的文件名
              res.fileName = _this.randomFileName
              _this.$emit('uploadImgSuccess', res)
            } else {
              _this.$message({
                message: '文件服务异常，请联系管理员！',
                type: 'error'
              })
            }
          }).finally(() => {
            _this.loading = false
          })
        })
        /*  if (flag) {
            this.$message.warning('请选择图片')
          }*/
      }
    },
    createNewFileName() {
      // const now = Date.now()
      // const fileName = now + '-' + Math.ceil(Math.random() * 100)
      // return fileName + '.webp'
      const fileName = regularFileName()
      return fileName + '.webp'
    }
  }
}
</script>
<style scoped lang="scss">
.cropper-content {
  display: flex;
  display: -webkit-flex;
  justify-content: flex-end;
  .cropper-box {
    flex: 1;
    width: 100%;
    .cropper {
      width: auto;
      height: 300px;
    }
  }
  .show-preview {
    flex: 1;
    -webkit-flex: 1;
    display: flex;
    display: -webkit-flex;
    justify-content: center;
    .preview {
      overflow: hidden;
      border: 1px solid #67c23a;
      background: #cccccc;
    }
  }
}
.footer-btn {
  margin-top: 30px;
  display: flex;
  display: -webkit-flex;
  justify-content: flex-end;
  .scope-btn {
    display: flex;
    display: -webkit-flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    padding-right: 10px;
  }
  .upload-btn {
    flex: 1;
    -webkit-flex: 1;
    display: flex;
    display: -webkit-flex;
    justify-content: center;
  }
  .btn {
    outline: none;
    display: inline-block;
    line-height: 1;
    white-space: nowrap;
    cursor: pointer;
    -webkit-appearance: none;
    text-align: center;
    -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;
    box-sizing: border-box;
    outline: 0;
    -webkit-transition: 0.1s;
    transition: 0.1s;
    font-weight: 500;
    padding: 8px 15px;
    font-size: 12px;
    border-radius: 3px;
    color: #fff;
    background-color: #409eff;
    border-color: #409eff;
    margin-right: 10px;
  }
}
</style>

需要更改成自己的上传接口：

import { uploadFile } from '@/api/smrz/setting'

后台接口参数如下，要求表单方式上传

/**
  * 上传附件
  *
  * @param file     文件流(注意带文件后缀,统一使用.webp结尾)
  * @param fileName 文件名称(唯一性)
  * @param busType  业务类型(具体值参考ApiConstants类中FILE_开头常量说明)
  * @author wangkun
  * @createTime 2022/7/19 17:18
  */
 @PostMapping(value = "/file/upload", consumes = "multipart/form-data")
 public RpcResult uploadFile(@RequestParam(value = "rpc") MultipartFile file, @RequestParam(value = "fileName") String fileName, @RequestParam(value = "busType") String busType) {

在uploadImg函数这里，使用FormData对象包装请求参数

注意append方法，要给文件对象指定文件名，必须要入参第三个参数

否则默认名称blob

按实际接口对应调整参数即可

const formData = new FormData()
_this.randomFileName = this.createNewFileName()
// 给blob对象的filename属性赋值文件名
formData.append('rpc', data, _this.randomFileName)
// 给参数赋值文件名
formData.append('fileName', _this.randomFileName)
formData.append('busType', _this.busType)
uploadFile(formData)

其它自定义参数，通过Props属性传入此组件

props: {
  autoCropWidth: { // 默认生成截图框宽度
    type: Number,
    default: 410
  },
  autoCropHeight: { // 默认生成截图框高度
    type: Number,
    default: 150
  },
  busType: {
    type: String,
    default: 'advertPic'
  }
},

文件名的生成方法，就是当前时间按单位数值排序

实际使用根据业务实际情况改写

export function regularFileName() {
  const now = new Date()
  const year = now.getFullYear()
  const month = digitFix(now.getMonth() + 1)
  const dayOfMonth = digitFix(now.getDate())
  const hour = digitFix(now.getHours())
  const minute = digitFix(now.getMinutes())
  const second = digitFix(now.getSeconds())
  const millSecond = now.getMilliseconds()
  return `${year}${month}${dayOfMonth}${hour}${minute}${second}${millSecond}`
}const fileName = `${regularFileName()}

3、【图片上传表单项】组件编写

<template>
  <div class="cropper-app">
    <el-form
      ref="ruleForm"
      :model="formValidate"
      :rules="ruleValidate"
      label-width="110px"
      class="demo-ruleForm"
    >
      <el-form-item
        :label="label"
        prop="mainImage"
      >
        <div class="list-img-box">
          <div
            v-if="formValidate.mainImage !== ''"
            class="img_div"
            style="height: 100px;"
          >
            <img
              :src="formValidate.mainImage"
              alt="图片找不到"
            >
            <a href="#" rel="external nofollow" >
              <div class="mask">
                <h3 style="">
                  <i
                    class="el-icon-zoom-in"
                    @click="clickImg('zoom-in')"
                  />
                  <i
                    class="el-icon-delete"
                    @click="clickImg('delete')"
                  />
                </h3>
              </div>
            </a>
          </div>
          <div
            v-else
            class="upload-btn"
            style="height: 100px;width: 200px"
            @click="uploadPicture('flagImg')"
          >
            <i
              class="el-icon-plus"
              style="font-size: 30px;"
            />
            <!--<span>封面设置</span>-->
          </div>
        </div>
        <input
          v-model="formValidate.mainImage"
          type="hidden"
          placeholder="请添加封面"
        >
      </el-form-item>
    </el-form>
    <!-- 剪裁组件弹窗 -->
    <el-dialog
      v-if="cropperModel"
      title="图片剪切"
      :visible.sync="cropperModel"
      width="1020px"
      center
      append-to-body
    >
      <cropper-image
        v-if="cropperModel"
        ref="child"
        :auto-crop-width="autoCropWidth"
        :auto-crop-height="autoCropHeight"
        :bus-type="busType"
        @uploadImgSuccess="handleUploadSuccess"
      />
    </el-dialog>
    <!--查看大封面-->
    <el-dialog
      title=""
      :visible.sync="imgVisible"
      center
      append-to-body
    >
      <img
        v-if="imgVisible"
        :src="imgUrl"
        style="width: 100%"
        alt="查看"
      >
    </el-dialog>
  </div>
</template>
<script>
import CropperImage from '@/components/CropperImage'
import { commonsDownloadAPI } from '@/api/smrz/setting'
export default {
  name: 'Tailoring',
  components: { CropperImage },
  props: {
    label: {
      type: String,
      default: '上传图片'
    },
    url: {
      type: String
    },
    autoCropWidth: { // 默认生成截图框宽度
      type: Number,
      default: 410
    },
    autoCropHeight: { // 默认生成截图框高度
      type: Number,
      default: 150
    },
    isSignFlag: {
      type: Boolean,
      default: false
    },
    busType: {
      type: String,
      default: 'busType'
    }
  },
  data() {
    var imageUrl2 = (rule, value, callback) => {
      if (!this.isSignFlag) {
        return callback()
      }
      if (!value) {
        return callback(new Error('请输上传图片'))
      }
      return callback()
    }
    return {
      formValidate: {
        mainImage: ''
      },
      ruleValidate: {
        mainImage: [
          /*   { required: true, message: '请上传图片', trigger: 'blur' }*/
          { required: true, validator: imageUrl2, trigger: 'blur' }
        ]
      },
      // 裁切图片参数
      cropperModel: false,
      cropperName: '',
      imgUrl: '',
      imgVisible: false,
      dialogImageUrl: '',
      dialogVisible: false
    }
  },
  created() {
    this.formValidate.mainImage = this.url
    this.imgUrl = this.url
  },
  methods: {
    validateForm() {
      this.$refs['ruleForm'].validate((valid) => {
        this.$emit('validVal', valid)
      })
    },
    // 封面设置
    uploadPicture(name) {
      this.cropperName = name
      this.cropperModel = true
    },
    // 图片上传成功后
    async handleUploadSuccess(data) {
      // this.formValidate.mainImage = data.url
      // 图片回显
      const { data: res2, code } = await commonsDownloadAPI({
        fileName: data.fileName,
        busType: 'advertPic'
      })
      const imgBase64 =
        code !== 200
          ? '-1' : `data:image/jpeg;base64,${res2.data}`
      this.formValidate.mainImage = imgBase64
      /* switch (data.name) {
        case 'flagImg':
          this.formValidate.mainImage = data.url
          console.log('最终输出' + data.name)
          console.log('最终输出2' + this.formValidate)
          break
      }*/
      this.cropperModel = false
      this.$emit('uploadSuccess', data)
    },
    clickImg(val) {
      if (val === 'delete') {
        this.formValidate.mainImage = ''
        this.$emit('deleteImage')
      } else if (val === 'zoom-in') {
        //
        this.imgUrl = this.formValidate.mainImage
        this.imgVisible = true
      }
    }
  }
}
</script>
<style scoped>
.upload-list-cover {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  justify-content: space-between;
  padding: 0 40px;
  align-items: center;
  background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6);
  opacity: 0;
  transition: opacity 1s;
}
.cover_icon {
  font-size: 30px;
}
.upload-btn {
  display: -webkit-box;
  display: -ms-flexbox;
  display: flex;
  -ms-flex-wrap: wrap;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  -webkit-box-pack: center;
  -ms-flex-pack: center;
  justify-content: center;
  -webkit-box-align: center;
  -ms-flex-align: center;
  align-items: center;
  border: 1px solid #cccccc;
  border-radius: 5px;
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: 0 0 1px #cccccc;
}
.upload-btn:hover {
  border: 1px solid #69b7ed;
}
.upload-btn i {
  margin: 5px;
}
.img_div img {
  width: 200px !important;
  height: 100px !important;
  /*  margin: 20px 400px 0 400px;
    position: relative;
    width: 531px;
    height: 354px;*/
}
.mask {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 200px;
  height: 100px;
  background: rgba(101, 101, 101, 0.6);
  color: #ffffff;
  opacity: 0;
}
.mask h3 {
  text-align: center;
  line-height: 60px;
}
.img_div a:hover .mask {
  opacity: 0.8;
}
</style>

表单项组件需要引入

1、裁剪组件

2、图片下载接口

import CropperImage from '@/components/CropperImage'
import { commonsDownloadAPI } from '@/api/smrz/setting'

3、表单项设置了自定义校验

var imageUrl2 = (rule, value, callback) => {
  if (!this.isSignFlag) {
    return callback()
  }
  if (!value) {
    return callback(new Error('请输上传图片'))
  }
  return callback()
}

就是检查src有没有地址或者base64资源，校验触发的效果：

4、图片上传后的回调处理：

上传成功后，回到表单页需要立即回显之前上传的图片

所以需要调用图片下载接口来获取刚刚上传的资源，

在这个回调方法中实现，因为下载接口提供的资源不是图片地址，而是返回Base64编码

这里我写的是base64编码资源的回显处理

实际使用根据业务实际情况改写

// 图片上传成功后
async handleUploadSuccess(data) {
  // this.formValidate.mainImage = data.url
  // 图片回显
  const { data: res2, code } = await commonsDownloadAPI({
    fileName: data.fileName,
    busType: 'advertPic'
  })
  const imgBase64 =
    code !== 200
      ? '-1' : `data:image/jpeg;base64,${res2.data}`
  this.formValidate.mainImage = imgBase64
  /* switch (data.name) {
    case 'flagImg':
      this.formValidate.mainImage = data.url
      console.log('最终输出' + data.name)
      console.log('最终输出2' + this.formValidate)
      break
  }*/
  this.cropperModel = false
  this.$emit('uploadSuccess', data)
},

4、业务功能引用

引入表单项

import Tailoring from '@/components/Tailoring'

声明组件，并注入参数

<div class="ant-upload-preview">
  <tailoring
    v-if="true"
    ref="child"
    label="广告图片"
    :is-sign-flag="true"
    :url="url"
    :bus-type="businessType"
    :auto-crop-height="80"
    :auto-crop-width="410"
    @uploadSuccess="uploadSuccess"
    @validVal="validVal"
  />
</div>

- url是一开始加载组件需要回显的图片资源地址　　

- isSignFlag变量用来辅助自定义校验的，为false时直接放行校验，所以默认写死true

- bus-type是自定义的业务参数

- auto-crop的宽高用来配置裁剪的宽高，预览大小和裁剪大小合并使用这两个参数

上传成功的回调，uploadSuccess，可以在组件自定义需要的参数

这里是以图片名称作为记录主键，所以要传入这个文件名

实际使用根据业务实际情况改写

async uploadSuccess(res) {
  console.log(`上传结果 res -> ${JSON.stringify(res)}`)
  const fileName = res.fileName
  this.newId = fileName.substring(0, fileName.lastIndexOf('.'))
},

校验值，应该是返回校验后的src值，但我这里没用上，所以不执行任何逻辑