一、datetime包
1.timedelta(params…)得到一个时间增量对象
2.timezone(timedelta) + timedelta(params…) 创建时区对象
3.datetime模块
datetime.strftime(fmt) datetime时间对象转字符串
datetime.strptime(date_string,fmt) 字符串转成datetime时间对象
datetime.timestamp(datetime_obj) 将datetime时间对象转换成秒级时间戳
datetime.fromtimestamp(t) 将秒级时间戳转换成datetime时间对象
4.使用datetime对象 + timedelta(params…) 进行时间运算
二、time包
1.time.time() 得到当前秒级时间戳
2.time.localtime(second) 将秒转换成time时间对象
3.time.strftime(fmt,time_obj) 将time时间对象转换成字符串
4.time.strptime(time_string,fmt) 将字符串转换成time时间对象
5.time.sleep(second) 休眠 second 秒
一、datetime包 1.timedelta(params…)得到一个时间增量对象# coding:utf-8
from datetime import timedelta
if __name__ == '__main__':
# 常用参数 hours:小时 days:天 seconds:秒 milliseconds:毫秒
delta = timedelta(hours=2)
print(delta) # 2:00:00
print(type(delta)) # <class 'datetime.timedelta'>
2.timezone(timedelta) + timedelta(params…) 创建时区对象
# coding:utf-8
from datetime import timedelta, timezone
if __name__ == '__main__':
delta = timedelta(hours=2)
zone = timezone(delta) #配合timedelta创建时区对象
print(zone) # UTC+02:00
print(type(zone)) # <class 'datetime.timezone'>
3.datetime模块
datetime.now(timezone) 获取当前时间datetime对象
# coding:utf-8
from datetime import timedelta, timezone, datetime
if __name__ == '__main__':
'''
获取当前时间，可以获取指定时区的当前时间
datetime.now(timezone)
'''
now = datetime.now()
print(now) # 2022-02-23 13:59:59.224286
print(type(now)) # <class 'datetime.datetime'>
# 设置指定时区的当前时间
print(datetime.now((timezone(timedelta(hours=9))))) # 2022-02-23 14:59:59.224286+09:00
datetime.strftime(fmt) datetime时间对象转字符串
# coding:utf-8
from datetime import datetime
if __name__ == '__main__':
'''
datetime.strftime(fmt)
将时间对象转换成字符串
fmt:格式化标准，由格式符组成
常用格式符(年:%Y,月:%m,日:%D,时:%H,分:%M,秒:%S)
'''
now = datetime.now()
print(now.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')) # 2022-02-23 14:04:24
datetime.strptime(date_string,fmt) 字符串转成datetime时间对象
# coding:utf-8
from datetime import datetime
if __name__ == '__main__':
'''
datetime.strptime(date_string,fmt)
将字符串转换成时间对象，要求date_string的格式完全匹配fmt格式化标准
'''
time_obj = datetime.strptime('2022-2-22', '%Y-%m-%d')
# datetime.strptime('2022-2-22', '%Y-%m-%d %H') Error date_string 中不存在小时而fmt中要求有小时
print(datetime.strptime('2022-2-22 14', '%Y-%m-%d %H')) # 2022-02-22 14:00:00
print(time_obj) # 2022-02-22 00:00:00
print(type(time_obj)) # <class 'datetime.datetime'>
datetime.timestamp(datetime_obj) 将datetime时间对象转换成秒级时间戳
# coding:utf-8
from datetime import datetime
if __name__ == '__main__':
'''
datetime.timestamp(datetime_obj)
datetime_obj:datetime 时间对象
返回 float
'''
print(datetime.timestamp(datetime.now())) # 1645598565.715
datetime.fromtimestamp(t) 将秒级时间戳转换成datetime时间对象
# coding:utf-8
from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
if __name__ == '__main__':
'''
datetime.fromtimestamp(t)
t:秒级时间戳 float类型
返回:datetime时间对象
'''
datetime_obj = datetime.fromtimestamp(1645598565.715)
print(datetime_obj) # 2022-02-23 14:42:45.715000
print(type(datetime_obj)) # <class 'datetime.datetime'>
4.使用datetime对象 + timedelta(params…) 进行时间运算
# coding:utf-8
from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
if __name__ == '__main__':
now = datetime.now()
fmt = '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'
print(now.strftime(fmt)) # 2022-02-23 15:07:01
# 3小时后时间
print((now + timedelta(hours=3)).strftime(fmt)) # 2022-02-23 18:07:01
# 3小时前时间
print((now - timedelta(hours=3)).strftime(fmt)) # 2022-02-23 12:07:01
print((now + timedelta(hours=-3)).strftime(fmt)) # 2022-02-23 12:07:01
# 建议timedelta的参数都使用正数(容易理解)
二、time包
1.time.time() 得到当前秒级时间戳
# coding:utf-8
import time
if __name__ == '__main__':
print(time.time()) # 1645667203.7236724
2.time.localtime(second) 将秒转换成time时间对象
# coding:utf-8
import time
if __name__ == '__main__':
# second 不填，则默认当前的时间戳
t = time.localtime(time.time())
t2 = time.localtime()
print(t) # time.struct_time(tm_year=2022, tm_mon=2, tm_mday=24, tm_hour=10, tm_min=10, tm_sec=8, tm_wday=3, tm_yday=55, tm_isdst=0)
print(t2) # time.struct_time(tm_year=2022, tm_mon=2, tm_mday=24, tm_hour=10, tm_min=10, tm_sec=8, tm_wday=3, tm_yday=55, tm_isdst=0)
print(type(t)) # <class 'time.struct_time'>
print(type(t2)) # <class 'time.struct_time'>
3.time.strftime(fmt,time_obj) 将time时间对象转换成字符串
# coding:utf-8
import time
if __name__ == '__main__':
"""
time.strftime(fmt,time_obj)
fmt:格式化标准 参考 datetime.strftime(fmt)
time_obj:time时间对象，不填默认是当前日期的time时间对象
"""
t = time.localtime(time.time() + 3600)
print(time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')) # 2022-02-24 10:16:17
print(time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', t)) # 2022-02-24 11:16:17
4.time.strptime(time_string,fmt) 将字符串转换成time时间对象
# coding:utf-8
import time
if __name__ == '__main__':
"""
time.strptime(time_string,fmt)
参考 datetime.strptime(date_string,fmt)
time_string:时间字符串
fmt:格式化标准
"""
fmt = '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'
t = time.strftime(fmt, time.localtime())
print(t) # 2022-02-24 10:25:17
print(time.strptime(t, fmt)) # time.struct_time(tm_year=2022, tm_mon=2, tm_mday=24, tm_hour=10, tm_min=25, tm_sec=40, tm_wday=3, tm_yday=55, tm_isdst=-1)
5.time.sleep(second) 休眠 second 秒
# coding:utf-8
import time
if __name__ == '__main__':
print(time.time()) # 1645670183.6567423
time.sleep(2)
print(time.time()) # 1645670185.6708047
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